Acid Base Calculator
Interpret arterial blood gas values, anion gap, corrected anion gap, and acid-base disorders in real time.
What This Acid Base Calculator Does
This tool interprets arterial blood gas (ABG) values, calculates the anion gap, and applies albumin correction. It helps classify acidosis or alkalosis and suggests whether the primary disorder is respiratory or metabolic. Pair it with the Aa Gradient Calculator and Corrected Calcium Calculator.
Anion Gap Formulas
$$AG = Na^+ - (Cl^- + HCO_3^-)$$
$$AG_{corr} = AG + 2.5 \times (4.4 - albumin)$$
Normal pH is 7.35 to 7.45, PCO2 is 35 to 45 mmHg, and bicarbonate is 22 to 26 mEq/L.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is a normal anion gap?
Most labs use 8 to 16 mEq/L. Albumin correction matters when serum albumin is low.
What does elevated anion gap suggest?
It often points to high anion gap metabolic acidosis from lactate, ketones, renal failure, or toxins.
How is respiratory acidosis compensated?
Chronic respiratory acidosis raises bicarbonate about 3.5 mEq/L for each 10 mmHg rise in PCO2 above 40.
What is Winter's formula used for?
It estimates expected PCO2 in metabolic acidosis: PCO2 = 1.5 × HCO3 + 8 (±2 mmHg).
Can this replace clinical judgment?
No. ABG interpretation must be combined with history, exam, electrolytes, and lactate when needed.
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