EORTC Bladder Cancer Calculator
Estimate 1-year and 5-year recurrence and progression risk for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer using the EORTC risk tables.
What Is the EORTC Bladder Cancer Calculator?
Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) often recurs in the bladder and can progress to muscle-invasive disease. This calculator applies the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) scoring system to estimate recurrence and progression probabilities at one and five years. It supports counseling about surveillance intensity and intravesical therapy, alongside tools like the Breast Cancer Recurrence Risk Calculator for other oncology risk stratification.
Clinical Factors Scored
Six pathologic and history variables contribute separate recurrence and progression point totals: number of tumors, largest tumor diameter, prior recurrence rate, T stage (Ta vs T1), concomitant carcinoma in situ (CIS), and tumor grade (G1 to G3). Higher scores map to higher risk strata in published EORTC tables.
How Risk Is Calculated
Recurrence scores range from 0 to 17 and progression scores from 0 to 23. Each total is converted to fixed probability bands. For example, a recurrence score of 0 corresponds to about 15% risk at one year and 31% at five years, while a progression score of 0 corresponds to about 0.2% at one year and 0.8% at five years.
Using Results in Practice
Urologists use these estimates to discuss cystoscopy schedules, intravesical chemotherapy or BCG, and when to consider early re-resection. This tool is educational and does not replace pathology review or multidisciplinary cancer care.
Frequently Asked Questions
Who should use this calculator?
It is intended for patients and clinicians managing Ta or T1 non-muscle invasive bladder cancer after transurethral resection. Muscle-invasive disease requires different staging and treatment pathways.
What is carcinoma in situ (CIS)?
CIS is flat high-grade urothelial carcinoma within the bladder lining. Concomitant CIS increases both recurrence and progression risk and usually requires prompt intravesical therapy.
What is the difference between recurrence and progression?
Recurrence means new or repeated tumor in the bladder at the same non-muscle invasive stage. Progression means advancement to muscle-invasive disease or metastatic spread, which carries a more serious prognosis.
How often should surveillance cystoscopy be performed?
Follow-up intervals depend on risk group, prior treatments, and guideline recommendations such as those from the European Association of Urology. Use this calculator as one input, not the sole decision rule.
Does smoking affect these scores?
Smoking is a major bladder cancer risk factor but is not part of the EORTC table inputs. Clinicians still consider smoking history when planning prevention and follow-up.
Can this replace a urology consultation?
No. Pathology details, resection completeness, and individual comorbidities all influence management. Always discuss results with a qualified urologist or oncologist.
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