Anion Gap Calculator
Calculate serum anion gap from electrolytes with optional potassium inclusion and albumin correction.
What Is the Anion Gap?
The serum anion gap reflects unmeasured anions in blood and helps classify metabolic acidosis. This calculator computes the standard or potassium-inclusive gap and optionally corrects for hypoalbuminemia. Use alongside the Acid Base Calculator and Albumin Globulin Ratio Calculator.
Anion Gap Formulas
$$AG = Na^+ - (Cl^- + HCO_3^-)$$
$$AG = (Na^+ + K^+) - (Cl^- + HCO_3^-)$$
$$AG_{corr} = AG + 2.5 \times (4 - albumin)$$
Typical reference range is 8–16 mEq/L. Values below 8 are low; above 16 are elevated.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is a normal anion gap?
Most laboratories use 8–16 mEq/L. Albumin correction is important when serum albumin is low.
When should potassium be included?
Some formulas include potassium for a more complete estimate of measured cations. Both versions are used clinically.
Why correct the anion gap for albumin?
Albumin is a major unmeasured anion. Low albumin artificially lowers the gap; correction reveals hidden elevation.
What causes a high anion gap?
Common causes include lactic acidosis, ketoacidosis, renal failure, and toxin ingestion (e.g. methanol, ethylene glycol).
Can this replace lab interpretation by a clinician?
No. Anion gap results must be interpreted in clinical context with full electrolytes, lactate, and patient history.
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