Saponification Value Calculator

The Saponification Value Calculator computes the saponification number (SV) of fats and oils from acid-base titration data. SV indicates how much potassium hydroxide (KOH) or sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is needed to saponify one gram of fat, and helps soap makers determine lye requirements and oil quality.

The saponification value formula from titration is:

$$\mathrm{SV} = \frac{(V_{\mathrm{blank}} - V_{\mathrm{sample}}) \times M_{\mathrm{HCl}} \times 56.1}{W}$$

where $V_{\mathrm{blank}}$ and $V_{\mathrm{sample}}$ are HCl volumes in mL, $M_{\mathrm{HCl}}$ is molarity in mol/L, 56.1 is the molecular weight of KOH in g/mol, and $W$ is the sample weight in grams. The result is in mg/g.

Higher SV values generally indicate oils better suited for soap making. Coconut oil (248-265 mg/g) saponifies readily, while beeswax (60-102 mg/g) has a much lower value.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is saponification value?

Saponification value (SV) is the milligrams of KOH or NaOH required to saponify one gram of fat or oil. It is also called the saponification number or Koettstorfer number.

What does a high saponification value mean?

A higher SV means the oil contains shorter fatty acid chains and saponifies more easily. Such oils are better for soap production and require more lye per unit weight.

Why is 56.1 used in the formula?

56.1 g/mol is the molecular weight of potassium hydroxide (KOH). It converts the titration result into the standard SV unit of mg KOH per gram of fat.

What is the difference between NaOH and KOH soap?

NaOH (lye) produces hard bar soaps, while KOH produces soft paste or liquid soaps. SV values help calculate the correct amount of either base for your recipe.

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Saponification Value Calculator

Saponification Value Calculator

Frequently Asked Questions

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