Percentile Rank Calculator
Find the percentile rank of a data value within a dataset using the count of values less than or equal to x divided by sample size.
What Is Percentile Rank?
Percentile rank tells you what percentage of values in a dataset are less than or equal to a given score. A rank of 64.7 means about 64.7% of observations fall at or below that value. Related tools: Percentile Calculator and Z-Score Calculator.
Percentile Rank Formula
Sort the data, count how many values are less than or equal to your target $x$, then divide by the sample size and multiply by 100.
$$PR = \frac{L}{N} \times 100$$
Here $L$ is the count of values $\leq x$ and $N$ is the total number of values. The result ranges from 0 to 100.
Example
In a class test dataset with 17 scores, a student who scored 25 has 11 scores at or below 25. The percentile rank is $11/17 \times 100 \approx 64.7$.
Frequently Asked Questions
How is percentile rank different from a percentile value?
Percentile rank maps a value to its relative standing. A percentile value maps a percentage to the corresponding data value. They are inverse perspectives on the same distribution.
What does the 100th percentile mean?
A value at the 100th percentile means every value in the dataset is less than or equal to it. It represents the top of the distribution.
Are duplicate values handled?
Yes. All values equal to the target count toward $L$ because the formula uses less than or equal to.
Can percentile rank exceed 100?
No. By definition, at most all values can be less than or equal to the target, so the maximum rank is 100.