Key Signature Calculator

What Is a Key Signature?

A key signature tells musicians which notes are sharp or flat throughout a piece. Major and minor keys share the same set of accidentals when they are relative keys, such as C major and A minor.

Circle of Fifths

Moving clockwise around the circle of fifths adds sharps. Moving counterclockwise adds flats. C major and A minor have no accidentals. G major has one sharp (F♯). F major has one flat (B♭).

Relative Major and Minor

The relative minor of a major key sits a minor third below the tonic. C major and A minor share the same key signature. E minor is relative to G major.

Frequently Asked Questions

How many sharps does D major have?

D major has two sharps: F♯ and C♯. Its relative minor is B minor.

What is the difference between major and minor keys?

Major keys use a major scale pattern (whole and half steps: W-W-H-W-W-W-H). Minor keys use a minor scale with a lowered third, giving a darker sound.

Why does the calculator use natural minor?

Natural minor is the default minor key signature in theory and matches the relative minor of a major key. Harmonic and melodic minor add raised notes for voice leading.

What are the order of sharps and flats?

Sharps appear in order F-C-G-D-A-E-B. Flats follow the reverse: B-E-A-D-G-C-F. This tool lists which accidentals belong in each key.

Can I find the relative key automatically?

Yes. Select a root note and major or minor mode. The calculator shows the relative key and full scale notes.

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What Is a Key Signature?

Circle of Fifths

Relative Major and Minor

Frequently Asked Questions

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